Tramadol

Overview

What is Tramadol?   

Tramadol (曲馬多 )is a potent pain reliever often prescribed to manage moderate to severe pain. It is classified as an opioid analgesic, functioning similarly to morphine by binding to the brain's opioid receptors, thus altering the body's perception of and response to pain. 

Global Name

• Generic name:   Tramadol
• Brand names: Ultram, Tramal and ConZip

Usage

What is Tramadol used for? 

Tramadol is used primarily to treat: 

• Moderate to severe pain in adults 

• Chronic pain conditions when other pain relievers have proven ineffective 

How do you use Tramadol? 

Availability: 
Tramadol is available in various forms, including tablets, capsules, extended-release formulations and injectables. 

Dosage information: 

• Adults: Typically, the initial dose is 50 to 100 mg every 4-6 hours as needed for pain relief. 

• Elderlies: A lower starting dose is recommended due to increased sensitivity. 

• Children: The use of tramadol in children under 12 years is not recommended. 

Are the following suitable to take the drug: Children, adults, elderlies? 

• Children: Not recommended for children under 12 years. Caution in adolescents 12-18 years with breathing problems. 

• Adults: Suitable for adults but with careful consideration of dosage and monitoring. 

• Elderlies: Suitable but with a lower starting dose and careful monitoring. 

Is there anyone who can’t take Tramadol? 

• Children: Not suitable for children under 12 years. 

• Adults: Not suitable for adults who have severe breathing problems or uncontrolled epilepsy. 

• Elderlies: Caution is advised, especially in those with kidney or liver problems. 

• Pregnancy: Should be used only if the potential benefit justifies the potential risk. 

• Lactation: Not recommended as it can pass into breast milk and may harm a nursing baby. 

Allergies: People with known sensitivities to tramadol or any of its inactive ingredients should avoid using this medication. 

Warnings and precautions: Tramadol carries a risk for addiction, abuse, and misuse, which can lead to overdose and death. It should be taken exactly as prescribed, and patients should be monitored closely. 

Interactions and contraindications of the drug: 

 Tramadol should not be combined with alcohol, sedatives, tranquilizers, or narcotic medications. It can interact with antidepressants, potentially leading to serotonin syndrome, a rare but serious condition. 

Side Effects

Common tramadol side effects include nausea, vomiting, constipation, lightheadedness, dizziness, drowsiness, and headache. Serious side effects may include seizures, severe respiratory depression, serotonin syndrome, and addiction. 

Pharmacist Tips

• Storage information: Store tramadol at room temperature, away from moisture and heat. 

• Handling instructions: Handle with care and keep out of reach of children. Dispose of properly to avoid misuse. 

Availability

Where is Tramadol available in Hong Kong?

Tramadol is a prescription only medication that can be prescribed by healthcare providers. 

FAQs

What should I do if I miss a dose of Tramadol? 

Take the missed dose as soon as you remember but skip the missed dose if it is almost time for your next scheduled dose. 

Can Tramadol be stopped abruptly? 

No, stopping tramadol abruptly can cause withdrawal symptoms. It should be tapered off under the guidance of a healthcare provider.

Is Tramadol addictive?

Yes, tramadol has potential for abuse and addiction, even at regular doses. 

Can tramadol be taken with other pain medications?  

Tramadol should not be taken with other forms of opioids without medical advice due to the risk of additive CNS depression. Preparations combining tramadol and paracetamol are available.